Gang-Related Legislation by Subject
(Laws updated through July 2020)
Bail, Pretrial, Conditional Release, or Conditional Dismissal
Civil and Administrative Actions
Correctional Facilities and Jails
Criminal Intelligence Information and Systems (including Gang Databases)
Definition Related to Gang Criminality
Foster Care and Alternative Placement (Juveniles)
Penalties (including Sentencing Enhancement), Fines, and Damage
Prevention, Reduction, and Suppression
Probation, Parole, and Release
Racketeering, Money Laundering, Criminal Enterprise, and Criminal Profiteering
Recruitment, Threats, Intimidation
Jurisdictions for this subject:
18 U.S.C. §§ 1961 to 1968, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO").
18 U.S.C. §§ 5031 to 5042. Juvenile Delinquency.
18 U.S.C. § 16. Crime of Violence defined. [Crimes and Criminal Procedure: General Provisions]
18 U.S.C. § 924. Penalties. [Crimes: Firearms]
18 U.S.C. § 1951. Interference with commerce by threats or violence.
18 U.S.C. § 1961. Definitions. [Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO")]
18 U.S.C. § 2119. Motor vehicles.
View all subjects in this jurisdiction
To access United States Code, visit https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/uscode
To access Code of Federal Regulations, visit https://gov.ecfr.io/cgi-bin/ECFR
Ala. Code § 13A-6-26. Compelling street gang membership.
Alaska Stat. § 11.61.160. Recruiting a gang member in the first degree.
Alaska Stat. § 11.61.165. Recruiting a gang member in the second degree.
Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-1202. Threatening or intimidating; classification.
Ark. Code § 5-74-201. Legislative findings. [Recruiting Gang Members]
Ark. Code § 5-74-203. Soliciting or recruiting a minor to join or to remain a member of a criminal gang, organization, or enterprise.
Cal. Pen. Code § 136.1 (LexisNexis). ["Enhanced law enforcement efforts"]
Cal. Pen. Code § 186.26 (LexisNexis). ["Penalty for soliciting or recruiting participation in criminal street gang; Threats of physical violence; Additional penalty for soliciting minor"]
Cal. Pen. Code § 520 (LexisNexis). ["Punishment for extortion"]
Cal. Pen. Code § 2962 (Westlaw). ["Treatment by State Department of State Hospitals as condition of parole; criteria for prisoners"]
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 17-1-109 (LexisNexis). ["Duties and functions of the warden"]
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-23-101 (LexisNexis). ["Definitions:" Gang Recruitment Act]
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-23-102 (LexisNexis). ["Recruitment of juveniles for a criminal street gang"]
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 19-2-205 (LexisNexis). ["Facility directors - duties"]
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 53a-224. Recruiting a member of a criminal gang: Class A misdemeanor.
Del. Code tit. 11, § 271. Liability for the conduct of another — Generally.
Del. Code tit. 11, § 617. Criminal youth gangs.
D.C. Code § 22-811. Contributing to the delinquency of a minor.
D.C. Code § 22-951. Criminal street gangs.
D.C. Code § 23-1331. Definitions. [Release and Pretrial Detention]
Fla. Stat. § 435.04. Level 2 screening standards.
Fla. Stat. § 874.05. Causing, encouraging, soliciting, or recruiting criminal gang membership.
Fla. Stat. § 874.08. Criminal gang activity and recruitment; forfeiture.
Fla. Stat. § 874.11. Electronic communication.
Fla. Stat. § 921.0022. Criminal Punishment Code; offense severity ranking chart.
Fla. Stat. § 1012.315. Disqualification from employment.
Ga. Code Ann. § 16-15-4 (LexisNexis). ["Participation in criminal gang activity prohibited"]
Idaho Code Ann. § 18-8504. Recruiting Criminal Gang Members.
720 Ill. Comp. Stat. § 5/12-6.2. Aggravated intimidation.
720 Ill. Comp. Stat. § 5/12-6.4. Criminal street gang recruitment on school grounds or public property adjacent to school grounds and criminal street gang recruitment of a minor.
720 Ill. Comp. Stat. § 5/12-6.5. Compelling organization membership of persons.
Ind. Code § 35-45-9-2. "Threatens."
Ind. Code § 35-45-9-4. Threats; refusal to join or withdrawal from organization; intimidation offense
Ind. Code § 35-45-9-5. Criminal gang recruitment.
Iowa Code § 708.6. Intimidation with a dangerous weapon.
Iowa Code § 723A.3. Gang recruitment — penalty.
Kan. Stat. Ann. § 21-6314. Recruiting criminal street gang membership.
Kan. Stat. Ann. § 21-6315. Criminal street gang intimidation.
Kan. Stat. Ann. § 21-6811. Determination of offender's criminal history classification in presumptive sentencing guidelines grids.
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 506.120. Engaging in organized crime.
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 506.140. Criminal gang recruitment.
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 506.150. Criminal gang activity or recruitment — Actions not constituting defenses.
Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 506.160. Minimum service of sentence required if convicted defendant was member of criminal gang acting for the purpose of benefitting, promoting, or furthering the interest of criminal gang.
La. Stat. Ann. § 15:1403.1. Solicitation of membership in a criminal street gang; penalty.
Md. Code, Crim. Law § 9-802. Criminal gang activity.
Md. Code, Crim. Law § 9-803. Criminal gang activity -- Schools.
Md. Code, Ed. Law § 7-303, as amended by 2020 Md. Laws Ch. 422 (H.B. 1083). Arrest of students and reportable offenses.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 265, § 44. Coercion of child under eighteen into criminal conspiracy; penalties.
Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.157c. Recruiting, inducing, soliciting, or coercing minor to commit felony.
Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.411u. Associate or member of gang; commission or attempt to commit felony; membership in gang as motive, means, or opportunity; penalty; definitions; consecutive sentence.
Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.411v. Causing, encouraging, recruiting, soliciting, or coercing another to join, participate in, or assist gang in felony; violation as felony; threat of injury or damage as felony; additional sentence; definitions.
Mich. Comp. Laws § 777.16t. MCL 750.409b to 750.411x(5); Felonies to which chapter applicable.
Minn. Stat. § 609.494. Solicitation of Juveniles.
Minn. Stat. § 609.713. Threats of Violence.
Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-403. Use of Threat to Coerce Gang Membership—Use of Violence to Coerce Gang Membership.
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1351. Unlawful membership recruitment into an organization or association; penalty.
Nev. Rev. Stat. § 201.570. Definition; Penalty. [Criminal Gang Recruitment]
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 631:4. Criminal Threatening.
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 644:20. Criminal Street Gang; Solicitation.
N.J. Rev. Stat. § 2C:33-10. Causing Fear of Unlawful Bodily Violence, Crime of Third Degree; Act of Graffiti, Additional Penalty.
N.J. Rev. Stat. § 2C:33-28. Solicitation, Recruitment to Join Criminal Street Gang; Crime, Degrees, Sentencing.
N.Y. CLS Pen. § 70.02. Sentence of imprisonment for a violent felony offense.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-50.15. Short Title. [North Carolina Criminal Gang Suppression Act]
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-50.17. Soliciting; Encouraging Participation.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-50.18. Soliciting; Encouraging Participation; Minor.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-50.19. Intimidation to Deter From Gang Withdrawal.
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-50.20. Punishment or Retaliation for Gang Withdrawal.
N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-06.2-03. Encouraging Minors to Participate in Criminal Street Gang—Penalty.
N.D. Cent. Code § 12.1-20-04. Sexual Imposition.
Okla. Stat. tit. 21, § 856. Delinquent Minor - Contributing to Delinquency.
18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 5131. Recruiting Criminal Gang Members.
44 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 2303. Definitions. [DNA Data and Testing: Preliminary Provisions]
S.C. Code Ann. § 16-1-90. Crimes classified as felonies.
S.C. Code Ann. § 16-1-100. Crimes classified as misdemeanors.
S.C. Code Ann. § 16-8-240. Use of or Threat of Physical Violence by Criminal Gang Member; Penalty.
S.C. Code Ann. § 16-8-250. Preventing Witness or Victim From Testifying; Penalty; Coerced Person's Right to Bring Civil Action.
Tenn. Code Ann. § 29-3-101. Definitions -- Maintenance and abatement of nuisance -- Forfeiture of property -- Payment of moneys from forfeiture into general funds.
Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 125.061. Definitions. [Membership in Criminal Street Gang]
Tex. Code Crim. Proc. Art. 61.01. Definitions. [Compilation of Information Pertaining to Criminal Combinations and Criminal Street Gangs]
Tex. Pen. Code § 15.031. Criminal Solicitation of a Minor.
Tex. Pen. Code § 71.022. Coercing, Inducing, or Soliciting Membership in a Criminal Street Gang.
Utah Code § 76-9-802. Definitions. [Criminal Street Gang Penalties]
Utah Code § 76-9-803. Penalties Regarding Criminal Street Gang Activities.
Va. Code Ann. § 16.1-260. Intake; Petition; Investigation.
Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-46.3. Recruitment of Persons for Criminal Street Gang; Penalty.
Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-55.1. Hazing of Youth Gang Members Unlawful; Criminal Liability.
Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-83.1. Report of Arrest of School Employees and Adult Students for Certain Offenses.
Va. Code Ann. § 63.2-209.1. Office of New Americans.
Wash. Rev. Code § 9.94A.030. Definitions. [Sentencing Reform Act of 1981]
Wash. Rev. Code § 9.94A.515. Table 2--Crimes included within each seriousness level.
Wash. Rev. Code § 9.94A.533. Adjustments to standard sentences.
Wash. Rev. Code § 9.94A.833. Special Allegation—Involving Minor in Felony Offense—Procedures.
Wash. Rev. Code § 9A.46.120. Criminal Gang Intimidation.
Wash. Rev. Code § 13.40.0357. Juvenile offender sentencing standards.
Wis. Stat. § 941.38. Criminal Gang Member Solicitation and Contact.
Wyo. Stat. § 6-2-403. Intimidation in Furtherance of the Interests of a Criminal Street Gang.